Mechanism of Huangjing Qianshi Decoction in treatment of prediabetic mice based on transcriptome sequencing / 中国中药杂志

Based on transcriptome sequencing technology, the mouse model of prediabetes treated with Huangjing Qianshi Decoction was sequenced to explore the possible mechanism of treating prediabetes. First of all, transcriptome sequencing was performed on the normal BKS-DB mouse group, the prediabetic model group, and the Huangjing Qianshi Decoction treatment group(treatment group) to obtain differentially expressed genes in the skeletal muscle samples of mice. The serum biochemical indexes were detected in each group to screen out the core genes of Huangjing Qianshi Decoction in prediabetes. Gene Ontology(GO) database and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) database were used to conduct signaling pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was used to verify them. The results showed that the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG), fasting insulin(FINS), insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) in the mouse model were significantly decreased after treatment with Huangjing Qianshi Decoction. In the results of differential gene screening, there were 1 666 differentially expressed genes in the model group as compared with the normal group, and there were 971 differentially expressed genes in the treatment group as compared with the model group. Among them, interleukin-6(IL-6) and NR3C2 genes, which were closely related to the regulation of insulin resis-tance function, were significantly up-regulated between the model group and the normal group, and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA) genes were significantly down-regulated between the model group and the normal group. However, the expression results of IL-6, NR3C2, and VEGFA genes were adverse between the treatment group and the model group. GO functional enrichment analysis found that the biological process annotation mainly focused on cell synthesis, cycle, and metabolism; cell component annotation mainly focused on organelles and internal components; and molecular function annotation mainly focused on binding molecular functions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that it involved the protein tyrosine kinase 6(PTK6) pathway, CD28-dependent phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT) pathway, p53 pathway, etc. Therefore, Huangjing Qianshi Decoction can improve the state of prediabetes, and the mechanism may be related to cell cycle and apoptosis, PI3K/AKT pathway, p53 pathway, and other biological pathways regulated by IL-6, NR3C2, and VEGFA.

Effect of Weiwei Tongtiao Decoction on Expression of IKKβ, Bcl-2 in CAG Precancerous Lesion Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Weiwei Tongtiao decoction on gastric mucosal pathology and the expression level of inhibitor kappa B kinase <italic>β</italic>（IKK<italic>β</italic>） and B-cell lymphoma-2（Bcl-2）in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） precancerous lesion. Method:SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， positive drug Weifuchun group， Weiwei Tongtiao decoction high， medium and low dose treatment groups. The rat model of CAG precancerous lesion was prepared by <italic>N</italic>-methyl-<italic>N</italic>'-nitro-<italic>N</italic>-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG）compound modeling method. weiwei Tongtiao decoction high， medium and low dose treatment groups received intragastric administration of 24， 12， 6 g·kg^-1 Weiwei Tongtiao decoction respectively， while Weifuchun group received 0.45 g·kg^-1 Weifuchun suspension， once per day for 12 weeks. The pathological changes of gastric mucosa of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining， and the mRNA and protein levels of IKK<italic>β</italic> and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa of rats were detected by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， immunohistochemistry（IHC）and Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal group， 100% inherent gland atrophy， mild to severe intestinal metaplasia， and 25% low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were observed under microscope in model group. All Weifuchun group and Weiwei Tongtiao decoction groups could improve the atrophy of gastric glands， moderate to severe intestinal metaplasia and pathological injury of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia， especially at high dose group. Compared with the normal group， IKK<italic>β</italic>， Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expressions in the gastric mucosa of the model group were up-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the mRNA and protein expressions of IKK<italic>β</italic> and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa of rats in the Weifuchun group and the Weiwei Tongtiao decoction high， medium and low dose groups were down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， showing a dose-dependent relationship， and such levels in the Weiwei Tongtiao decoction high-dose intervention group were similar to those in normal group. Conclusion:Weiwei Tongtiao decoction can improve and even reverse gastric mucosa with CAG precancerous lesions in rats， and its intervention mechanism may be related to down-regulating the expressions of IKK<italic>β</italic> and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa.

Quality evaluation of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma by UPLC fingerprint combined with QAMS / 中国中药杂志

The present study was performed to establish the UPLC fingerprints of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma and determine the contents of three saponins by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS), and provide basis for quality evaluation of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma. The analysis was carried out on an analytical column of Waters Cortecs T3(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.6 μm)with gradient elution by acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution, at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min~(-1). The detection wavelength was 203 nm, the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 1 μL. The UPLC fingerprints of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma were established and evaluated by similarity calculation, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The relative calibration factors of toberoside B and toberoside C were determined with toberoside A as internal reference. The content was calculated by relative calibration factors to develop a method of QAMS. Comparing the results of QAMS with those of ESM, the accuracy and feasibility of one-eva-luation and multi-evaluation can be determined. RESULTS:: showed that the fingerprints of 19 batches of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma have four common peaks with similarities ranging from 0.754 to 1.000. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis classified 19 batches of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma into three categories, which was consistent with the similarity evaluation results. The relative deviation between the content of tubeicosides B and C in 19 batches of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma determined by QAMS and ESM is less than 5.0%, indicating that there was no significant difference between the two methods. Therefore, the UPLC fingerprints combined with QAMS and similarity evaluation can be effectively used to evaluate the quality of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma.

Feature exaction and classification of autism spectrum disorder children related electroencephalographic signals based on entropy / 生物医学工程学杂志

The early diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is essential. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of most commonly used neuroimaging techniques as the most accessible and informative method. In this study, approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SaEn), permutation entropy (PeEn) and wavelet entropy (WaEn) were extracted from EEGs of ASD child and a control group, and Student's -test was used to analyze between-group differences. Support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was utilized to build classification models for each entropy measure derived from different regions. Permutation test was applied in search for optimize subset of features, with which the SVM model achieved best performance. The results showed that the complexity of EEGs in children with autism was lower than that of the normal control group. Among all four entropies, WaEn got a better classification performance than others. Classification results vary in different regions, and the frontal lobe showed the best performance. After feature selection, six features were filtered out and the accuracy rate was increased to 84.55%, which can be convincing for assisting early diagnosis of autism.

Effects of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on Electroencephalograph rhythm of children with autism / 生物医学工程学杂志

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and stereotyped behaviors. Electroencephalograph (EEG), which can measure neurological changes associated with cortical synaptic activity, has been proven to be a powerful tool for detecting neurological disorders. The main goal of this study is to explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on behavioral response and EEG. We enrolled 32 autistic children, rTMS group ( = 16) and control group ( = 16) and calculated the relative power of the δ, θ, α, β rhythms in each brain area by fast Fourier transform and Welch's method. We also compared Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) scores of the patients before and after rTMS. The results showed a significant decrease in the relative power of the δ band on right temporal region and parietal region and also a decreased coherence on frontal region after rTMS intervention. The study proves that rTMS could have positive effects on behavior of attention, execution ability, and language ability of children and could reduce their stereotyped behavior and radical behavior.

Advances of phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 in hematological malignancies / 中国病理生理杂志

In recent years,accumulating evidence shows that phosphatase of regenerating liver-3(PRL-3)is closely implicated in tumor progression,especially in the stages of invasion and metastasis of various solid tumors, inclu-ding colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and breast cancer.However,the study of PRL-3 in hematological malignancies is rel-atively lagged,but there are some advances in leukemia and myeloma,in which PRL-3 up-regulation is tightly associated with poor prognosis,while the underlying mechanism of signal transduction is gradually explored.In this review,we sum-marized the recent advances of PRL-3 in hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia,multiple myeloma and chronic myeloid leukemia,as well as the molecular mechanism of PRL-3 in pathogenesis.

Effects of different light on the ethology and melatonin secretion in depressive rats / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To observe the impact of energy saving light,incandescent light and circadian light on the ethology of depressive rats and explore its possible mechanism on affecting the secretion of melatonin. METHODS: Thirty rats aged 6weeks were randomly selected from 40 specific pathogen free health female SD rats after they adapted to the living environment,depressive rat models were established in the rats by bilateral ovariectomy combined with isolated living and chronic unpredictable mild stress stimulation at the age of 11-14 weeks. Then these 30 ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into 3 intervention groups,including an energy saving light group,an incandescent light group and a circadian light group,with 10 rats in each group. The rats in these 3 groups were given specific experimental light intervention for 3 weeks respectively at the age of 17 weeks. The other 10 rats were raised in conventional environment as the control group. Their body weights were measured at the age of 17,19,20 and 21 weeks. The ethology tests were carried out by sucrose preference test and the open-field test at the age of 7,14 and 20 weeks respectively. The melatonin levels in peripheral blood of 7 time points from 19: 30 to 8: 30 were measured in the rats at age of 21 weeks. One rat in each group at every time point was randomly selected for examination. RESULTS: At the age of 17 weeks before light-intervention,the body weights of rats in 4 groups showed no significant difference( P > 0. 05). After light-intervention,at the age of 17-20 weeks,the body weights of rats in 3 intervention groups were gradually increased with the increase of age( P < 0. 05).There was no significant difference between body weights of rats at the age of 21 weeks and those at the age of 20 weeks in each group( P > 0. 05). At age of 7 weeks,no significant differences were found in sucrose consumption and standing scores among these 4 groups( P > 0. 05). After the depressive models were established,at the age of 14 weeks before light-intervention,in rats of these 3 intervention groups,the sucrose consumption and standing scores were lower than those of the control group( P < 0. 05),and there was no significant difference found in the above 2 indexes among these 3intervention groups( P > 0. 05). At the age of 20 weeks after light-intervention,the sucrose consumption and standing scores were not significantly different from each other among the 4 groups( P > 0. 05). The peak levels of melatonin in the peripheral blood of rats in these 3 intervention groups were higher than that in the control group. The peak levels onsets of melatonin in peripheral blood of rats in the circadian light group and the energy saving light group were earlier or 2 hours delayed compared to that of control group,while it was similar between the incandescent light group and control group.CONCLUSION: The circadian light,the energy saving light and the incandescent light are similarly effective in improving the behaviors of depressive rats. The circadian light can delay the onset of peak level of melatonin in peripheral blood.

Analysis of the point spread function in total corneal of normal population / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To explore relationship between the normal strehl ratio ( SR ) values of total aberrations/SR values of total higher-order aberrations and modulation transfer function ( MTF ) at total corneal at different pupil diameters in normal population. METHODS: To exam the SR values of total aberrations and SR values of total higher-order aberrations of total corneals in 200 people ( 400 eyes ) using SIRIUS 3D topography system and analysis the corresponding root-mean-square ( RMS) . RESULTS: The subjects with different pupil diameters (3. 0, 5. 0, 6. 0, 7. 0mm)'s exam results of total corneal were as following:SR value of total aberrations 100’(0. 45±0. 12), (0. 25±0. 06), (0. 17±0. 05), (0. 13±0. 04); SR value of total higher order ab cerrations 100’(0. 69±0. 14), (0. 34±0. 07), (0. 24±0. 05), (0. 16±0. 04);SR value of total aberrations 200’(0. 45±0. 12), (0. 24±0. 06), (0. 20±0. 04), (0. 16±0. 03); SR value of total higher order aberrations 200’(0.70±0. 13), (0. 35±0. 07), (0. 27±0. 06), (0. 20±0.04 ) . The SR values of each group decreases with the increases of pupil diameters. The SR values of total aberrations and SR values of total higher - order aberrations at total corneals are negatively correlated with corresponding RMS value. When the pupil diameter is small, the SR value of total aberrations is more related to higher frequency region of MTF. When the pupil diameter is big, the SR value of total aberrations is more related to lower frequency region of MTF. CONCLUSION: The visual performance of normal people can be well reflected by SR values of total aberrations and SR values of total higher - order aberrations at total corneal.

Automatic segmentation of clustered breast cancer cells based on modified watershed algorithm and concavity points searching / 生物医学工程学杂志

As a common malignant tumor, breast cancer has seriously affected women's physical and psychological health even threatened their lives. Breast cancer has even begun to show a gradual trend of high incidence in some places in the world. As a kind of common pathological assist diagnosis technique, immunohistochemical technique plays an important role in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Usually, Pathologists isolate positive cells from the stained specimen which were processed by immunohistochemical technique and calculate the ratio of positive cells which is a core indicator of breast cancer in diagnosis. In this paper, we present a new algorithm which was based on modified watershed algorithm and concavity points searching to identify the positive cells and segment the clustered cells automatically, and then realize automatic counting. By comparison of the results of our experiments with those of other methods, our method can exactly segment the clustered cells without losing any geometrical cell features and give the exact number of separating cells.

Inhibitory effect of apatinib on HL-60 cell proliferation and its mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of apatinib, a small-molecule vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on the proliferation of human acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells and explore the possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of apatinib in HL-60 cells. The apoptosis and cell cycle changes of the cells in response to apatinib treatment were analyzed by flow cytometry, and Western blotting was used to assay P-Akt and P-Erk1/2 expressions in the cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Apatinib significantly inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells in vitro with an IC(50) of 4.96∓0.32 µmol/L. Apatinib treatment significantly increased the apoptotic rate of the cells in a dose-dependent manner, but produced no significant effect on the cell cycle (P>0.05). Western blotting showed that the expressions of P-Akt and P-Erk1/2 decreased in HL-60 cells after a 48-h apatinib treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Apatinib inhibits the proliferation of HL-60 cells by inducing cell apoptosis probably through the mechanism of inhibiting the expressions of the Akt/Erk1/2 signal transduction pathway.</p>

Establishment of an animal model of oral mucositis induced by conditioning regimen of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a rat model of oral mucositis (OM) induced by busulfan and cyclophosphamide (BUCY) conditioning regimen of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the model group, busulfan (6.0 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) x 4 d) and cyclophosphamide (120 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) x 2 d) were administered by intra-stomach perfusion and intraperitoneal injection, respectively. The left cheek mucosa were irritated by superficial scratching on day 6. The oral mucosal score (OMS) was assessed daily. Animals were sacrificed on day 7, 10, 13, 16 and 18. The samples of blood, bone marrow, and the oral mucosa were harvest to evaluate the clinical and histological changes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of oral mucositis in model group was as high as 80.00% with a survival rate of 73.33%. The initial lesion on the oral mucosa was noted on day 7 with red spot and edema, and then progressive mucositis was characterized by large areas of ulcer formation. The duration of oral mucositis was 8 to 10 days. A continuous weight loss, white blood cell count decrease and bone marrow suppression occurred in the process of oral mucositis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>An animal model of conditioning regimen-induced oral mucositis was successfully established.</p>

Effects and prognostic factors of HLA-matched sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospectively analyze the curative effects and prognostic factors of HLA-matched sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for chronic myelogenous leukemia patients (CML).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Of the 35 CML patients, 26 were males and 9 were females, with a median age of 32 (12 - 50) years. 30 patients were in chronic phase of CML, 5 patients were in accelerated phase. Allo-HSCT from HLA identical siblings was performed for 35 patients, of whom 11 received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and 24 peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Conditioning regimens was TBI (total-body irradiation) + CY (CTX) protocol in 8 patients and BU/CY protocol in 27 patients. The average follow-up was 48 months (range 7 - 108 months).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>34 (97.1%) patients were successfully engrafted. Among them, 21 patients (60.0%) had three years disease-free (DFS) survival. The overall 5-year survival (OS) was 57.1%. Two patients (5.7%) relapsed. Transplant-related mortality occurred in 12 patients. Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) occurred in 5 patients and HVOD was observed in 1 patient. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) occurred in 18 patients (51.4%), among them 7 patients (20.0%) were of grade III-IV. Chronic GVHD was in 17 patients (48.5%). There was no significant difference in 3-years DFS between BMT group and PBSCT group (54.5% vs. 62.5%, P > 0.05). The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 42.9% in TBI/CY group and 55.6% in BU/CY group (P > 0.05). In univariate prognostic analysis model, the DFS at 3 years is 75% and 47.4% for < or =30 years patients and >30 years patients, respectively, P < 0.05. The 3-year DFS of patients with first chronic phase is higher than patients with advanced diseases (61.3% vs. 40%, P < 0. 05). The 3-year DFS in patients of grade I - II GVHD was higher than that in patients of grade III-IV GVHD (81.8% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The patients who had transplantation done within 1 year after diagnosis during their first chronic phase of disease and who had low-grade GVHD have better prognosis. Those patients who had III-IV acute GVHD are prone to incorporate severe infection, which was a worse prognostic factor of allo-HSCT for chronic myelogenous leukemia.</p>

Study of TRAIL receptors expression on the mononuclear cells from multiple myeloma patients and KM3 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the differential expression of four TRAIL receptors on bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from multiple myeloma (MM) patients and myeloma cell line KM3 cells, to compare their altered expressions after chemotherapy and to explore the mechanisms by which TRAIL selectively kills tumor cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry were used to investigate the expression of four TRAIL receptors on BMMNCs in 23 MM patients, KM3 cells and 15 controls, and the changes of their expression pattern after chemotherapy and after incubation of KM3 cells with sub-clinical concentration of doxorubicin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DR4 and DR5 were highly expressed on KM3 cells with no expression of DcR1 and DcR2. Expressions of DR4 and DR5 on BMMNCs from MM patients were higher and expression of DcR1 and DcR2 were lower than that of controls (P < 0.05). The expression of DR5 on MM and KM3 cells was up-regulated after chemotherapy and exposure to doxorubicin (P < 0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expressions of four TRAIL receptors on myeloma cells and normal controls were different, which might account for the selective killing effect of TRAIL on MM cells. Up-regulated DR5 on KM3 cells after incubating with doxorubicin and after chemotherapy suggests the cytotoxic agents might enhance the apoptosis of MM cells.</p>

Antioxidation activity and protective effection of ginger oil on DNA damage in vitro / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the antioxidation activity and protective effect of ginger oil on DNA damage.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Chemical light assay was used to detect the oxygen radicals scavenging capacity of ginger oil. The erythrocyte oxidation damage was induced by H2O2. The effect of ginger oil on oxidative erythrocyte was observed by the colorimetric analysis assay, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rabit hepatocyte was measured. The anaylsis of DNA damage was made with single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE) technique.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ginger oil might decrease light value compared with control group and inhibited erythrocyte oxidation damage. Compared with that in control group, the degress of DNA damage reduced significantly in the protected groups. Ginger oil might decrease the content of MDA remarkably and inhitibition rate was 48.16%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ginger oil has dominantive protective effect on DNA damage induced by H2O2. Ginger oil might act as a scavenger of oxygen radical and might be used as an antioxidant.</p>

Clinical study of low dose continuous infusion of ceftazidime (CAZ)forthe treatment of low respiratory tract infections / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

0.05). Conclusions Low dose continuous infusion of CAZ to treat low respiratory infections is efficacious ,safe and economical.

Dead Reasons and Related Factors of 42 Cases with Acute Leukemia in Chinldren / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the dead reasons and related factors of acute leakemia(AL)in children.Methods The clinical data of 42 dead cases of children with AL,who were admitted to Guangzhou Children's Hospital between Jan.1999 and Mar.2007 were reviewed.Nineteen cases were boys,23 cases were girls;the aging from 4 months to 12 years old and 5 months.Of 42 children,21 cases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),18 cases were acute myeloid leukemia(AML),3 cases were unclassified AL.Results Ten out of 12 early-dead cases died of bleeding.Among 30 cases who received chemotherapy,4 cases died of bleeding,others of myelosuppression combined with infection,14 of whom died from sepsis,3 cases with fungal infection,1 case with virus infection,4 cases with unknown pathogens.Sixteen children relapsed among those who got remission,half of them relapsed within 1 year since diagnosed.Treatment-related mortality(TRM)was 90%(27 out of 30 cases).The main causes of TRM were infection and hemorrhage.Hyperleukocytosis and bleeding were 2 risk factors related to early death in new-diagnosed children.Conclusions More emphasizes should be put on bleeding tendency during early treatment in children with AL and treatment of infection complications during induction chemotherapy to reduce TRM.